As someone who’s been around the maritime industry for years, I understand the hustle and bustle of port calls. I’ve seen firsthand how reducing port call turnaround time can make or break a vessel’s schedule and, ultimately, a company’s profitability.

Let’s explore how we can shave precious hours off port calls and enhance our vessel productivity. We’ll look at what a port call turn around is, what happens during a port call, why turnaround time is important, and ultimately how to reduce it.

What is Port Call Turnaround Time?

A port call turnaround is the time it takes for a vessel to enter a port, complete its scheduled operations, and depart. This includes activities such as loading or unloading cargo, refueling, and any necessary maintenance. In 2021, container ships spent an average of around 0.8 days in a port during a port call.

During a port call, there are many factors that can impact turnaround time. These include external factors such as weather conditions and port congestion, as well as internal factors like vessel efficiency and crew performance.

What Happens During a Port Call Turnaround?

A port call turnaround is a meticulously coordinated sequence of events where time and precision are paramount. Here’s a deeper look at each stage:

Berthing

The first step is berthing, where the vessel docks at its assigned berth. This process requires careful navigation and coordination with port authorities to make sure it is a smooth and timely docking. Berthing windows are often tight, and any delays can set back the entire schedule. The availability of berth space and handling equipment correctly can significantly reduce the time spent in this phase.

Unloading Operations

Once the vessel is securely docked, unloading operations commence. Using cranes and conveyor systems, cargo is unloaded. This stage involves careful planning to make sure that the unloading operations using cranes and other equipment are executed smoothly. The unloading process is really important for vessel productivity, as any delays can lead to extended idle periods and increased turnaround time.

Port Worker Opens Vehicle Door During Port Call Turn Around

Loading Operations

After unloading, the vessel prepares for loading new cargo. This step is coordinated with the port’s logistics team to make sure that the loading and unloading operations are integrated. The cargo operations and faster vessel turnaround times depend heavily on the efficiency of this stage. Proper container nomination and crane split are essential to maintain an even workflow and avoid bottlenecks.

Customs Clearance

Customs clearance is a critical phase where customs clearance processes supported by electronic data exchange systems come into play. All necessary documentation must be handled promptly to avoid delays. These processes contribute to expedited cargo handling, making sure that all regulatory requirements are met without hindering the turnaround time.

Maintenance and Refueling

While the vessel is in port, it undergoes necessary maintenance and refueling operations. This includes routine checks, minor repairs, and replenishing fuel supplies. This is also the time when crew changes may occur, with new crew members boarding the vessel and outgoing crew members disembarking. It is important to have efficient processes in place for these operations to ensure minimal downtime for the vessel.

Why is Port Call Turnaround Time Important?

Turnaround time holds significant importance across various stakeholders in the maritime industry. Each group has its unique perspective on why reducing turnaround time matters:

Vessel Agents

For vessel agents, quick turnaround times allow for effective vessel management. The ability to move vessels in and out of port rapidly means agents can handle more vessels concurrently. This leads to better service for their clients and higher vessel productivity, as idle periods decrease and vessels spend more time at sea generating revenue.

Shipping Companies

Shipping companies view turnaround time as a key factor in profitability. Every minute a vessel remains in port represents a cost rather than income. Reduced turnaround times mean more voyages within a given period, enhancing the company’s capacity and revenue potential. Additionally, quicker turnaround times improve the company’s reputation for reliability, making it more attractive to customers who value timely deliveries.

Cargo Containers Stacked Near Ocean During Port Call Turn Around

Logistics Professionals

Logistics professionals like freight forwarders see turnaround time as essential for maintaining a fluid supply chain. Short turnaround times facilitate faster movement of cargo, reducing the risk of delays and meeting tight delivery schedules. This helps manage inventory levels better, cut storage costs, and keep the supply chain predictable and reliable.

Port Authorities

For port authorities, turnaround time measures the port’s operational capability. Shorter turnaround means that berths open up more quickly, allowing the port to handle a higher volume of vessels. This boosts the port’s throughput and attracts more business. Moreover, effective port operations help in coordination with customs and regulatory bodies, further enhancing the port’s operations.

Cargo Owners

Cargo owners benefit from reduced turnaround times as it means their goods move through the supply chain faster. This is especially important for time-sensitive or perishable goods. Quick port operations mean cargo reaches its destination on time, maintaining the integrity and value of the goods. Reliable port performance helps cargo owners meet their delivery commitments and enhance supply chain predictability.

Service Providers

Service providers, including maintenance crews, fuel suppliers, and other vendors, also find value in reduced turnaround times. Predictable port operations allow them to plan and execute their services without delays, leading to better resource utilization and higher customer satisfaction. Quick and reliable services ensure multiple vessels can be serviced effectively.

The interconnected nature of the maritime industry means that improved port call operations benefit everyone, making it a critical area for continuous improvement.

How Can We Reduce Port Call Turnaround Time?

There are several strategies that can be implemented to reduce port call turnaround time in ocean shipping and improve overall performance. I’ve broken it down into four different categories:

1. Good Communication and Coordination:

Effective communication and coordination between vessel agents, port authorities, and service providers are paramount in reducing port call turnaround time. Good information exchange makes sure that all stakeholders are on the same page regarding vessel schedules, cargo handling requirements, and any potential issues that may arise. This coordination allows for accurate scheduling, proactive issue resolutions, and adequate resource allocation.

2. Optimized Berthing Schedules:

Investing in infrastructure and optimizing berthing schedules are crucial steps to ensure the availability of berth space and equipment. Effective berthing management includes:

  • Dynamic Scheduling: Using real-time data and predictive analytics to adjust berthing schedules based on vessel arrivals, cargo volumes, and other operational factors.
  • Infrastructure Upgrades: Enhancing port infrastructure, such as expanding berthing areas and upgrading handling equipment, to accommodate larger vessels and increased cargo throughput.
  • Berth Allocation: Implementing a systematic berth allocation process that prioritizes vessels based on cargo type, arrival times, and operational requirements to minimize waiting times.

If not managed properly, berthing schedules can result in delays, port congestion surcharges, and increased costs for both shipping companies and port operators. In order to avoid these issues, it is important to have a well-planned and efficient berthing management system in place.

Ship Docked During Port Call Turn Around with Cargo Truck

3. Easy Customs Clearance Processes:

Efficient Customs clearance processes are key to overall port operations. Simplified regulatory frameworks and efficient procedures can help in:

  • Pre-Arrival Processing: Allowing for the submission and processing of documentation before the vessel’s arrival to expedite clearance.
  • Integrated Systems: Utilizing electronic data interchange (EDI) systems to facilitate the seamless exchange of information between shipping companies, customs authorities, and other stakeholders.
  • Risk-Based Inspections: Implementing risk-based inspection protocols to focus on high-risk cargo, reducing the time spent on routine inspections for low-risk shipments.
  • Regulatory Simplification: Advocating for simplified regulatory frameworks that reduce bureaucratic hurdles and expedite the overall customs clearance process.

As a vessel agent or shipping company, understanding and implementing these procedures can greatly improve the efficiency of your operations and save valuable time and resources.

4. Advanced Technology and Automation:

The integration of advanced technology and automation is a game-changer for port operations. Utilizing electronic data exchange systems and automated handling equipment can significantly reduce the time spent on manual processes.

Software like Base can enhance port call efficiency, improve communication, and optimize operations. Here’s how Base contributes to reducing port call turnaround time:

  • Streamlined Operations: Base allows vessel agents to manage all aspects of port calls from a single interface. By automating routine tasks and providing real-time updates, agents can track vessel movements, handle documentation, and coordinate with stakeholders easily.
  • Effective Communication: Base facilitates interaction between vessel agents, ship owners, port authorities, and service providers. Integrated messaging and notification features make sure all parties are informed and can address any issues promptly.
  • Powerful Analytics: Base’s analytics tools provide insights into operations, helping agents identify bottlenecks and optimize resource allocation. Detailed reports and performance metrics enable informed decision-making, enhancing operational effectiveness.
  • Simplified Documentation: Managing compliance and documentation is simplified with Base’s centralized repository, making it so that all necessary documents are accessible and up-to-date. Automated compliance checks reduce the risk of fines and keep operations smooth.
  • Vendor Management: Base streamlines vendor management, allowing vessel agents to track performance, manage contracts, and ensure timely service delivery, enhancing overall operational efficiency.

Perhaps the most important factor in reducing vessel turnaround time and increasing port call optimization, technology plays an important role in modern port operations. With Base’s state-of-the-art port call software, ports and stakeholders can have coordinated workflows, effective communication, and informed and up-to-date with their container vessels and port operations and ultimately reduce vessel turnaround time.

Last Thoughts on Reducing Port Call Turnaround

In the fast-paced world of maritime operations, reducing port call turnaround time is not just a goal—it’s a necessity. The stakes are high, and the ripple effects of inefficiencies can be felt across global trade networks. Base stands at the forefront of this industry, offering a comprehensive platform that not only simplifies operations but also fosters a collaborative environment for all stakeholders.

Learn more about Base today by contacting us or signing up for a free trial. Let’s work together to optimize port operations and keep goods moving smoothly around the world.

What is the process of a port call?

The process of a port call involves several critical steps to make sure there is port efficiency and timely completion of operations. Initially, the vessel arrives at the port and is assigned a berth. Following this, cranes and conveyor systems are employed to unload the cargo.

During the stay, the vessel performs necessary operations such as refueling and maintenance, loading cargo, performing necessary operations, and unloading its cargo load. Finally, the vessel departs for its next voyage. Throughout this process, coordinated workflows and effective communication between stakeholders are essential to maintain vessel productivity and reduce idle time.

What is container turnaround?

Container turnaround refers to the duration it takes for a container vessel to complete the cycle of unloading its cargo, performing necessary operations, loading new cargo, and preparing for its next voyage. A ship-to-ship transfer of containers, known as ship-to-ship loading (STS), is also an important aspect of container turnaround.

Achieving efficient container turnaround is vital for maintaining vessel productivity, reducing idle periods, and enhancing overall port efficiency. Implementing coordinated workflows and fostering effective communication among port personnel can significantly improve container turnaround times, thereby optimizing the performance of the maritime industry.

How to calculate ship turnaround time?

Ship turnaround time is calculated by measuring the total duration from a vessel’s arrival at the port to its departure after completing all necessary operations. Key factors influencing this time include the efficiency of cargo handling using cranes and conveyors, the effectiveness of customs clearance processes, and the degree of coordination and communication between port authorities, vessel agents, and service providers.

By focusing on these areas, ports can significantly reduce idle periods and enhance vessel productivity, resulting in a more accurate and reduced turnaround time. Remember, productivity reduced idle periods for container ships all around the world.